PFS-Perfect Forward Secrecy
Both sides of the VPN must be able to support PFS in order for PFS to work.
When PFS is turned on, for every negotiation of a new phase 2 SA the two gateways must generate a new set of phase 1 keys.
This is an extra layer of protection that PFS adds, which ensures if the phase 2 SA’s have expired, the keys used for new phase 2 SA’s have not been generated from the current phase 1 keying material.
Of course if PFS is not turned on then the current keying material already established at phase 1 will be used again to generate phase 2 SA’s.
Therefore using PFS provides a more secure VPN connection.
Although using PFS does have its drawback. It will require more processing power, and take slightly longer for phase 1 and 2 to complete.
PFS in general is known as a session key. A session key is a key just created for a particular session, and when the session is bought down, the key is destroyed and not used again. Next time a session is initiated a new and completely different session key is created.
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